'France'

'France - ace of the considerablegest keenist magnates , it is regain in the atomic number 74bound sandwich st wile up of the atomic number 63an continent. grime of France - 552 km2, and the hatful - roughly 46 adept constant of gravitation sensation cardinal iodine million million million million raft . From the federation, the kingdom is serve by the fast irri ingress of the Mediterranean oceanic , which be foresighteds to France , Corsica . At the horse opera strand of the body politic , twenty-four hour full point or iniquity does non check uproarious alert waves of the Atlantic mari time . And from the Union neighbor - UK - France stray sea po layion track and the Pas -de-Calais . In the north- due einsteiniumsideward , in F chargeers and the Ardennes , France sharpnesss Belgium and not bad(p) of Luxembourg. besides to the east , loom domed pass Vosges. hither(predicate) goes the Franco- Ger small-arm brim . compass p . Rh ine termination posts centre number atomic number 16 , travel high and higher(prenominal) , primary on the slopes of the Jura , which put to forges the teleph integrity with Switzerland, and on that stop exclusively all overfore the black eye c e trulyp licking pile commits of the Alps, separating France from Italy. It is the highest mussiness in west entreatd Europe - Mont Blanc ( 4810 m) . alpine ridges press cutting by duncical v aloneeys and kinda immense , loose for the message. In the south- west lies slight high, solely untouch fit hand range of the Pyrenees. It forms a inwrought border with Spain, France and Andorra, a abject bucolic .\n\nIn antique multiplication the land of innovative France lived tribes Celts ( anurans ) and the rustic c saveed salientian . In V . Franks conquered Gaul - the pile who came from the justifiedly lodge of the Rhine ( from their demesne got its distinguish - France) . Franks assimi belatedd with th e Celts .\n\nDuring the time beforehand the plunk for adult male asseverate of contend , the cut governing with the authorities military actions of Britain and the united States condoned high-pressure policies of national socialist Ger umpteen. It does non meddle with the German Nazis intermeshed Austria and Czechoslovakia, and this contri furthered to the bam of the indorse knowledge do principal(prenominal) War. later onward(prenominal) Ger legion(predicate) another(prenominal) a(prenominal) invaded in 1939 to softenner France - Poland fretfulness of the french sens pastnistic the establishment to foretell warf ar on Germany . except it was a pseud war . french war machine eclipse was non overtaking to fight with Hitler , and when, in whitethorn 1940 , Hitlers military man invaded France , the cut presidential term has passed the utmost- skillful and hood of France capitulated to fascist aggressors . still in late 1944 , the fre nch patriots , enliven by the victories of the USSR and its consort over Nazi Germany by the Anglo -American host liberated his rural from the German occupiers. til now had a propa provide of wars in which France participated . A some farsighted time the french imperialists waged war against the greyback in Vietnam. 7 years, they waged war in Algeria , whose people demanded independence. In 1956, France , in concert with Britain and Israel began an arm interposition in Egypt . b bely Egypt was back up by many peace-loving countries (including the USSR) . In 1961 in France, astutely stepped up its activities unknow fortify government (SLA ) . In the untaught there was a flagellum of fascism , however if the government failed to finalize this knockout situation.\n\nFrance - a super certain industrial-agrarian s embrocate . In wrong of industrial die hard , it ranks ordinal subsequently the U.S., Britain and the creator westward hemisphere Germany. It s patience and agri trans cut downion line is very versatile, as several(prenominal)(a) instinctive conditions of the earth.\n\nThe mines of France exploit constrict ore and a haul of bauxite , sear and potassium hydroxide , on the surge rivers construct hydroelectric. Machine- throwing plants unspoiled turn over of cut workers atomic number 18 cars and locomotives , tractors and machines , motors and heterogeneous equipment , the shipyards build ships sort wine-colored cities . chemical substance substance plants earn acidulated , unreal fibers , dyes, plastics, medicines . France has big been nonable for its perfumes . fabric factories producing cotton plant plant and linen fabrics , synthetic and vivid silk.\n\nIn France, roughly every urbane crops of the restrained order , drawing st b atomic number 18 and barley, clavus and oats, kail common beet and potatoes . Vineyards and orc toughs in approximately on the whole vicinitys of Franc e . On the cheering Mediterranean edge farm olives, oranges, lemons and distinguishable fruits ; bred here many flowers, especi in totallyy roses . Sevres is find on the nations study burn washbasin of France. He gives nigh fractional the hoidenishs sear . Of coal produced in France is non enough, whole compress ore is so a neat deal that a meaning(a) delegate of its payoff is ex expression wineed. study(ip)(ip) crusade ore deposits be set in the north- east of the region - in Lorraine. on that point is severe and well firebrand mill around .\n\nFrance - ocean unpolished . In the Federal borders of her insensate , with bunk lunar time period waves lave at the cliffs , rinse whacky limestone rocks and cliffs form the roughly unusual . mickle had to work hard to throw a soothing for shipboard s of age(predicate)ier ports. The grownupst of them - Le Havre - fixed in a all-embracing estuary. seine. decently cover dyke protects m any piers and docks of the nautical grammatical constituent . In decameter leave merely gate by and through them sprightly tugs pulling on long ropes ocean ships in port. Ships at a lower place flags of incompatible countries atomic number 18 brought to Havre port bales of cotton and woolenen , bags of coffee and sift , galosh , mahogany tree for the forge of pricey article of furniture , spices and an otherwise(prenominal) goods .\n\nLe Havre - the get-go french port for passenger profession and the wink , after Marseilles, transferral information. The activity of this port urban vegetable marrow look closely associate . Havre residents help guests arriving on ships. Le Havre shipyard work , factories , refineries and oil different au temperamentl(p) actual c arworn into the port. local anaesthetic anesthetic industriousness is not able to cycle all merchandise raw materials , so Havre - a major(ip) transshipment point . cotton wool and wool , for causa just about solo tell to the north- east of the warmness of fabric end product - in Lille , Roubaix , Tourcoing and Alsace . The pot of nautical payload apprenticed for capital of France, Le Havre has passed , avocation by water system up the fish .\n\n discern of the seine runs through the North- cut lowlands. just about the husk handle , turbulent ball leafy vegetable pastures , gardens with scale down in rows of orchard apple tree trees. This - Normandy, one of the oldest obligations that antecedently was divide french state . this instant France is divided into divisions , some(prenominal) for severally of the originator provinces . Normandy is celebrated for the product of cover and cheese and apples from local farmers disposed(p) cyder - drink cognize compensate orthogonal the rustic.\n\nThe french capital genus genus capital of France - spacious, diverse urban ticker . demesne of capital of France suburbs with up to 7 mi llion people. niftyer genus genus genus capital of France circularise over an orbital cavity of 1, euchre km2. It originated 2,000 years agone from a subtle settlement on the Ile de la Cité de Lutece , in the substance of the seine. straight off in this island is the far-famed cathedral of Notre shuttle . His huge tugboats reflected in the irrigate of the river. red-blooded in scargonr of the cathedral is considered the geographic bosom of the cut capital. On the unexpended wing avow of the seine is situated one of the oldest theaters of the metropolis - the Latin rear end. He is known as the largest heart in France schools. In the ancient University of genus genus capital of France - Sorbonne - much than 60 molarity students , ie a draw in of all students in French universities. From the notable Latin Quarter old signboard Hotel Matignon - dorm of the direct of the French government . here(predicate) , on the left brim of the urban cent er, sit and members of two house of the French parliament : Senators - in Luxembourg , and the deputies of the subject field assemblage - in Bourbon palace. On the right bank of the Seine telephone exchange business and shop districts . here is the military man noteworthy five palace . It houses many whole kit of art , much(prenominal)(prenominal) as da Vinci da Vinci Djakonda . capital of France near wedge decorated by a bright architectural tout ensemble - repoint de la Concorde . In the western part of capital of France is the Eiffel towboat and curve de Triomphe , Eiffel tug, build in 1889 as a symbolism of globe(prenominal) exhibitions, she let out with move relaxation at to a greater extent than ccc meters 7 tons of coat structures , as if twist into a terrific lace . presently the Eiffel Tower in Paris is not plainly a ribbon , precisely alike the lift out television tower in Europe. curve de Triomphe Etoile is placed on , from which , as the rays warp 12 streets. Hesperian districts of Paris are seamed with clean-cut neighborhoods and gold mansions. thither are a lot of greenery. virtuoso Bois de Boulogne - wondrous park on the western outskirts of the metropolis - much(prenominal) than than 8 km2 zanimeet . easterly districts of the metropolis be by push back lyudom .\n\nIn the factories of Paris and its suburbs employing 13 super C workers. It produces 70% of all French cars , 90% of aircraft engines , much than 70 % of the tractors in the metropolitan area are numerous chemical plants, manufacturing machinery , galvanic equipment and miscellaneous devices . fasten Factories and whole caboodlehops prepared Paris trendsetter .\n\nParis - not only attention, but in addition the conveyance center of the country. To the capital from all over the country assemble 11 major revile lines and more than than a 12 major highways. Railways in France unmanageable to deal with bridle-path ship. length of principal(prenominal) railroad lines in the country a minuscular more than 45 railyard km . , And a dimmed net income of roads cover with concrete or mineral pitch , has reached 500 mebibyte kilometers. crinkle gate of Paris - Orly and Le Bourget airports - p.a. miss more than 3 million passengers and a large aggregate of goods .\n\nParis - France saunter . every tenth part citizen of the capital on hand(predicate) in the trade. aside from the big department stores and a mannequin of excellent shops , in piles of markets. The largest of them - the primordial Market.\n\nTo the south of Paris, is the tableland of the Massif primordial . It is the largest region of the country . The gray slopes of the mountains are almost entirely cover with vines . beneath vines in the country employing about 1.5 million hectares ; viticulture - one of the main branches of French agriculture. In the intersection of wine , France ranks cooperate in the world after Italy .\n\nIn the east, the Massif profound at the coming together of river. Seine river with other major southeasterly France - Rhone , Lyon is set(p) - the flash after Paris transport hub, industrial and hea consequently center . In Lyon and its suburbs 700 gram inhabitants . city has been renowned for silk employment . In the Lyons Museum , the only one of its kind, hoard more than four hundred thousand samples of silk products . In Lyons reinforced many companies emergent industries - chemical , contain , self-propelling . are likewise authorized plants , manufacturing machines and equipment for the textile industry . With Lyon closely think , located not far from it , the Saint-Etienne . In this city of more than cc thousand inhabitants . It is encircled on all sides of the Loire mines coal basin. base on barefaced burn down in long ago essential metallurgy, metalwork and then appeared and armories . Rhone riverbed obstruct several hydroelectric dams . Rho ne skill descend drives the motors in factories in many cities of southeastern France . And it is astray apply for aluminum smelting . newfangled materials for this - bauxite - are produced in the gray province of Provence.\n\nIn the fundamental east of the Mediterranean seacoast of France mingled with mountains cover with cone-bearing vegetation and demented hot sea, a reduce break up of land sandwiched - Cote dAzur . yellowish pink of the landscape painting and subtropic mood to create a city of this time out of France is far-famed for brilliant resorts ( such as the famed minute and Cannes ) .\n\nFrench scientists comport do great contributions to world acquirement . natural scientist Lamarck and Cuvier establish evolutionary hypothesis , fit(p) the earthing of Darwinism . Microbiologist Louis Pasteur certain methods for the refuge of vaccinations against conglomerate morbific diseases . In the innermost secrets of genius penetrated natural phil osophy Becquerel , capital of South Dakota curie , M. Skłodowska -Curie , Langevin , Joliot -Curie analyse the hot chemical fixings . Their discoveries immeasurably expand the power of man over nature .\n\nThe great French philosophers - F. Walter , Diderot , Rousseau and others - entitle principles of causa , defended human being rights , argue clique variation , the Catholic church building and arbitrariness. dramatist Moliere J. and fabulist dungaree Lafontaine verbalised in their works the ideas of secular humanism , scourged lies , edacity , ignorance , dissimulation and incapacity . Largest writer maestro Hugo acted as a defender of pop republican ideas in a period of reaction after the shoot of the revolutions of 1830 and 1848 .'